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Ford, John

  • 1 Ford

    m.
    1 Ford, Ford vehicle.
    2 Ford, Henry Ford.
    3 Ford, Gerald Rudolph Ford.
    4 Ford, Ford Hermann Hueffer.
    5 Ford, Edsel Bryant Ford.
    6 Ford, Henry Ford II.
    7 Ford, John Ford.
    8 Ford, Ford Motor Company.

    Spanish-English dictionary > Ford

  • 2 Ford, Henry

    [br]
    b. 30 July 1863 Dearborn, Michigan, USA
    d. 7 April 1947 Dearborn, Michigan, USA
    [br]
    American pioneer motor-car maker and developer of mass-production methods.
    [br]
    He was the son of an Irish immigrant farmer, William Ford, and the oldest son to survive of Mary Litogot; his mother died in 1876 with the birth of her sixth child. He went to the village school, and at the age of 16 he was apprenticed to Flower brothers' machine shop and then at the Drydock \& Engineering Works in Detroit. In 1882 he left to return to the family farm and spent some time working with a 1 1/2 hp steam engine doing odd jobs for the farming community at $3 per day. He was then employed as a demonstrator for Westinghouse steam engines. He met Clara Jane Bryant at New Year 1885 and they were married on 11 April 1888. Their only child, Edsel Bryant Ford, was born on 6 November 1893.
    At that time Henry worked on steam engine repairs for the Edison Illuminating Company, where he became Chief Engineer. He became one of a group working to develop a "horseless carriage" in 1896 and in June completed his first vehicle, a "quadri cycle" with a two-cylinder engine. It was built in a brick shed, which had to be partially demolished to get the carriage out.
    Ford became involved in motor racing, at which he was more successful than he was in starting a car-manufacturing company. Several early ventures failed, until the Ford Motor Company of 1903. By October 1908 they had started with production of the Model T. The first, of which over 15 million were built up to the end of its production in May 1927, came out with bought-out steel stampings and a planetary gearbox, and had a one-piece four-cylinder block with a bolt-on head. This was one of the most successful models built by Ford or any other motor manufacturer in the life of the motor car.
    Interchangeability of components was an important element in Ford's philosophy. Ford was a pioneer in the use of vanadium steel for engine components. He adopted the principles of Frederick Taylor, the pioneer of time-and-motion study, and installed the world's first moving assembly line for the production of magnetos, started in 1913. He installed blast furnaces at the factory to make his own steel, and he also promoted research and the cultivation of the soya bean, from which a plastic was derived.
    In October 1913 he introduced the "Five Dollar Day", almost doubling the normal rate of pay. This was a profit-sharing scheme for his employees and contained an element of a reward for good behaviour. About this time he initiated work on an agricultural tractor, the "Fordson" made by a separate company, the directors of which were Henry and his son Edsel.
    In 1915 he chartered the Oscar II, a "peace ship", and with fifty-five delegates sailed for Europe a week before Christmas, docking at Oslo. Their objective was to appeal to all European Heads of State to stop the war. He had hoped to persuade manufacturers to replace armaments with tractors in their production programmes. In the event, Ford took to his bed in the hotel with a chill, stayed there for five days and then sailed for New York and home. He did, however, continue to finance the peace activists who remained in Europe. Back in America, he stood for election to the US Senate but was defeated. He was probably the father of John Dahlinger, illegitimate son of Evangeline Dahlinger, a stenographer employed by the firm and on whom he lavished gifts of cars, clothes and properties. He became the owner of a weekly newspaper, the Dearborn Independent, which became the medium for the expression of many of his more unorthodox ideas. He was involved in a lawsuit with the Chicago Tribune in 1919, during which he was cross-examined on his knowledge of American history: he is reputed to have said "History is bunk". What he actually said was, "History is bunk as it is taught in schools", a very different comment. The lawyers who thus made a fool of him would have been surprised if they could have foreseen the force and energy that their actions were to release. For years Ford employed a team of specialists to scour America and Europe for furniture, artefacts and relics of all kinds, illustrating various aspects of history. Starting with the Wayside Inn from South Sudbury, Massachusetts, buildings were bought, dismantled and moved, to be reconstructed in Greenfield Village, near Dearborn. The courthouse where Abraham Lincoln had practised law and the Ohio bicycle shop where the Wright brothers built their first primitive aeroplane were added to the farmhouse where the proprietor, Henry Ford, had been born. Replicas were made of Independence Hall, Congress Hall and the old City Hall in Philadelphia, and even a reconstruction of Edison's Menlo Park laboratory was installed. The Henry Ford museum was officially opened on 21 October 1929, on the fiftieth anniversary of Edison's invention of the incandescent bulb, but it continued to be a primary preoccupation of the great American car maker until his death.
    Henry Ford was also responsible for a number of aeronautical developments at the Ford Airport at Dearborn. He introduced the first use of radio to guide a commercial aircraft, the first regular airmail service in the United States. He also manufactured the country's first all-metal multi-engined plane, the Ford Tri-Motor.
    Edsel became President of the Ford Motor Company on his father's resignation from that position on 30 December 1918. Following the end of production in May 1927 of the Model T, the replacement Model A was not in production for another six months. During this period Henry Ford, though officially retired from the presidency of the company, repeatedly interfered and countermanded the orders of his son, ostensibly the man in charge. Edsel, who died of stomach cancer at his home at Grosse Point, Detroit, on 26 May 1943, was the father of Henry Ford II. Henry Ford died at his home, "Fair Lane", four years after his son's death.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1922, with S.Crowther, My Life and Work, London: Heinemann.
    Further Reading
    R.Lacey, 1986, Ford, the Men and the Machine, London: Heinemann. W.C.Richards, 1948, The Last Billionaire, Henry Ford, New York: Charles Scribner.
    IMcN

    Biographical history of technology > Ford, Henry

  • 3 Ferguson, Harry

    [br]
    b. 4 November 1884 County Down, Ireland
    d. 25 October 1960 England
    [br]
    Irish engineer who developed a tractor hydraulic system for cultivation equipment, and thereby revolutionized tractor design.
    [br]
    Ferguson's father was a small farmer who expected his son to help on the farm from an early age. As a result he received little formal education, and on leaving school joined his brother in a backstreet workshop in Belfast repairing motor bikes. By the age of 19 he had built his own bike and began hill-climbing competitions and racing. His successes in these ventures gained useful publicity for the workshop. In 1907 he built his own car and entered it into competitions, and in 1909 became the first person in Britain to build and fly a machine that was heavier than air.
    On the outbreak of the First World War he was appointed by the Irish Department of Agriculture to supervise the operation and maintenance of all farm tractors. His experiences convinced him that even the Ford tractor and the implements available for it were inadequate for the task, and he began to experiment with his own plough designs. The formation of the Ferguson-Sherman Corporation resulted in the production of thousands of the ploughs he had designed for the Ford tractor, but in 1928 Ford discontinued production of tractors, and Ferguson returned to Ireland. He immediately began to design his own tractor. Six years of development led to the building of a prototype that weighed only 16 cwt (813kg). In 1936 David Brown of Huddersfield, Yorkshire, began production of these tractors for Ferguson, but the partnership was not wholly successful and was dissolved after three years. In 1939 Ferguson and Ford reached their famous "Handshake agreement", in which no formal contract was signed, and the mass production of the Ford Ferguson system tractors began that year. During the next nine years 300,000 tractors and a million implements were produced under this agreement. However, on the death of Henry Ford the company began production, under his son, of their own tractor. Ferguson returned to the UK and negotiated a deal with the Standard Motor Company of Coventry for the production of his tractor. At the same time he took legal action against Ford, which resulted in that company being forced to stop production and to pay damages amounting to US$9.5 million.
    Aware that his equipment would only operate when set up properly, Ferguson established a training school at Stoneleigh in Warwickshire which was to be a model for other manufacturers. In 1953, by amicable agreement, Ferguson amalgamated with the Massey Harris Company to form Massey Ferguson, and in so doing added harvesting machinery to the range of equipment produced. A year later he disposed of his shares in the new company and turned his attention again to the motor car. Although a number of experimental cars were produced, there were no long-lasting developments from this venture other than a four-wheel-drive system based on hydraulics; this was used by a number of manufacturers on occasional models. Ferguson's death heralded the end of these developments.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Honorary DSc Queen's University, Belfast, 1948.
    Further Reading
    C.Murray, 1972, Harry Ferguson, Inventor and Pioneer. John Murray.
    AP

    Biographical history of technology > Ferguson, Harry

  • 4 Land transport

    [br]
    Austin, Herbert
    Hamilton, Harold Lee
    Issigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold Constantine
    Ma Jun
    Morris, William Richard
    Sauerbrun, Charles de

    Biographical history of technology > Land transport

  • 5 estupideces

    f.pl.
    nonsense, drivel, inane remarks, inanities.
    * * *
    (n.) = drivel, nonsense, baloney, blather, piffle, palaver, claptrap, buncombe, bunkum, bunk
    Ex. The article 'In defense of 'ignorant drivel'' criticises the reforms in scholarly serials publication proposed by John Lubans.
    Ex. Since 'added entry' maps to 'access point' and 'main entry' maps to 'access point', some curious, but harmless non-sense results.
    Ex. The author characterises the strategic plan as baloney carefully crafted to conceal the real problem.
    Ex. The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex. The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex. To speak the argot, one of the main rules is called 'police palaver' -- never use a short word where a long one will do.
    Ex. Such antediluvian claptrap has every appearance of using a presumed hurt to military effectiveness as a shield for prejudice.
    Ex. The word ' buncombe,' often misspelled as 'bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex. The word 'buncombe,' often misspelled as ' bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex. Henry Ford is often quoted as saying 'History is bunk'.
    * * *
    (n.) = drivel, nonsense, baloney, blather, piffle, palaver, claptrap, buncombe, bunkum, bunk

    Ex: The article 'In defense of 'ignorant drivel'' criticises the reforms in scholarly serials publication proposed by John Lubans.

    Ex: Since 'added entry' maps to 'access point' and 'main entry' maps to 'access point', some curious, but harmless non-sense results.
    Ex: The author characterises the strategic plan as baloney carefully crafted to conceal the real problem.
    Ex: The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex: The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex: To speak the argot, one of the main rules is called 'police palaver' -- never use a short word where a long one will do.
    Ex: Such antediluvian claptrap has every appearance of using a presumed hurt to military effectiveness as a shield for prejudice.
    Ex: The word ' buncombe,' often misspelled as 'bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex: The word 'buncombe,' often misspelled as ' bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex: Henry Ford is often quoted as saying 'History is bunk'.

    Spanish-English dictionary > estupideces

  • 6 tonterías

    intj.
    nonsense, hooey, rats, rot.
    f.pl.
    1 nonsense, bunk, baloney, boloney.
    2 stupidity, stupid thing.
    * * *
    (n.) = drivel, nonsense, baloney, blather, piffle, palaver, moonshine, claptrap, buncombe, bunkum, bunk, hogwash
    Ex. The article 'In defense of 'ignorant drivel'' criticises the reforms in scholarly serials publication proposed by John Lubans.
    Ex. Since 'added entry' maps to 'access point' and 'main entry' maps to 'access point', some curious, but harmless non-sense results.
    Ex. The author characterises the strategic plan as baloney carefully crafted to conceal the real problem.
    Ex. The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex. The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex. To speak the argot, one of the main rules is called 'police palaver' -- never use a short word where a long one will do.
    Ex. He describes as 'pure moonshine' the account that Columbus supposedly failed to persuade professors of mathematics, geography, and astronomy that the world was round.
    Ex. Such antediluvian claptrap has every appearance of using a presumed hurt to military effectiveness as a shield for prejudice.
    Ex. The word ' buncombe,' often misspelled as 'bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex. The word 'buncombe,' often misspelled as ' bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex. Henry Ford is often quoted as saying 'History is bunk'.
    Ex. The film proves beyond a shadow of a doubt that the official story is hogwash and that all the evidence points towards an inside job.
    * * *
    (n.) = drivel, nonsense, baloney, blather, piffle, palaver, moonshine, claptrap, buncombe, bunkum, bunk, hogwash

    Ex: The article 'In defense of 'ignorant drivel'' criticises the reforms in scholarly serials publication proposed by John Lubans.

    Ex: Since 'added entry' maps to 'access point' and 'main entry' maps to 'access point', some curious, but harmless non-sense results.
    Ex: The author characterises the strategic plan as baloney carefully crafted to conceal the real problem.
    Ex: The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex: The article 'Information science: blather and piffle?' points out that the term 'Information science' is used in a variety of ways often to mean quite different things.
    Ex: To speak the argot, one of the main rules is called 'police palaver' -- never use a short word where a long one will do.
    Ex: He describes as 'pure moonshine' the account that Columbus supposedly failed to persuade professors of mathematics, geography, and astronomy that the world was round.
    Ex: Such antediluvian claptrap has every appearance of using a presumed hurt to military effectiveness as a shield for prejudice.
    Ex: The word ' buncombe,' often misspelled as 'bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex: The word 'buncombe,' often misspelled as ' bunkum,' soon came to refer to any sort of spurious or questionable statement.
    Ex: Henry Ford is often quoted as saying 'History is bunk'.
    Ex: The film proves beyond a shadow of a doubt that the official story is hogwash and that all the evidence points towards an inside job.

    * * *
    tonterías npl nonsense

    Spanish-English dictionary > tonterías

  • 7 Johansson, Carl Edvard

    [br]
    b. 15 March 1864 Orebro, Sweden
    d. 30 September 1943 Eskilstuna, Sweden
    [br]
    Swedish metrologist and inventor of measuring-gauge blocks.
    [br]
    Carl Edvard Johansson was first apprenticed to a shoemaker, but he soon abandoned that career. In 1882 he went to America to join his brother Arvid working at a sawmill in the summer; in winter the brothers obtained further general education at the Gustavus Adolphus College at St Peter, Minnesota. They returned to Sweden in November 1884 and in the following year Carl obtained employment with a small engineering firm which rented a workshop in the government small-arms factory at Eskilstuna. In his spare time he attended the Eskilstuna Technical College and in 1888 he was accepted as an apprentice armourer inspector. After completion of his apprenticeship he was appointed an armourer inspector, and it was in his work of inspection that he realized that the large number of gauges then required could be reduced if several accurate gauges could be used in combination. This was in 1896, and the first set of gauges was made for use in the rifle factory. With these, any dimension between 1 mm and 201 mm could be made up to the nearest 0.01 mm, the gauges having flat polished surfaces that would adhere together by "wringing". Johansson obtained patents for the system from 1901, but it was not until c.1907 that the sets of gauges were marketed generally. Gauges were made in inch units for Britain and America—slightly different as the standards were not then identical. Johansson formed his own company to manufacture the gauges in 1910, but he did not give up his post in the rifle factory until 1914. By the 1920s Johansson gauges were established as the engineering dimensional standards for the whole world; the company also made other precision measuring instruments such as micrometers and extensometers. A new company, C.E.Johansson Inc., was set up in America for manufacture and sales, and the gauges were extensively used in the American automobile industry. Henry Ford took a special interest and Johansson spent several years in a post with the Ford Motor Company in Detroit, Michigan, until he returned to Sweden in 1936.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Honorary Doctorates, Gustavus Adolphus College, St Peter and Wayne University, Detroit. Swedish Engineering Society John Ericsson Gold Medal. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Gold Medal.
    Further Reading
    K.J.Hume, 1980, A History of Engineering Metrology, London, pp. 54–66 (a short biography).
    RTS

    Biographical history of technology > Johansson, Carl Edvard

  • 8 закон Генри

    [lang name="Russian"]Джон Генри, негритянский богатырь — John Henry

    Русско-английский научный словарь > закон Генри

См. также в других словарях:

  • FORD, John — (1894–1973)    Born John Martin Feeney in Maine, John Ford began his career in film by working bit parts in the films of his brother (Francis Ford) and others. Among his earliest bit parts was that of a Klansman in D. W. Griffith’s The Birth of a …   Westerns in Cinema

  • Ford, John — I (baptized April 17, 1586, Ilsington, Devon, Eng. died 1639?) British dramatist. Early in his career he studied law and wrote collaboratively with several other playwrights, but little more is known of his life, and the dating of many of his… …   Universalium

  • Ford, John — • ФОРД (Ford) Джон (наст. имя и фам. Шон Алоизиус О Фирна или О Фини, O Fearna или O Feeney) (1.2.1895 31.8.1973)    амер. режиссёр. По нац. (ирландец. С 1913 в Голливуде ассист. режиссёра, с 1917 режиссёр. Снял неск. десятков к/м ковбойских… …   Кино: Энциклопедический словарь

  • Ford, John — (1895 1973)    Born Sean Aloysius O’Fearna (or Feeney) in Maine, the famous movie director was the son of Irish immigrants. After brief attendance at the University of Maine, he joined his brother in California and took the name Ford while… …   Historical Dictionary of the Roosevelt–Truman Era

  • Ford, John — (?1586 1640)    Born in Ilsington, Devon, he was educated at Exeter College, Oxford, before studying law at the Middle Temple in 1602. He became one of England s major dramatists of the Caroline period, whose tragedies some eighteen are of a high …   British and Irish poets

  • Ford, John — (1586 1639?) Autor dramático inglés. Describe amores infortunados y criminales pasiones amorosas. Obras: Lástima que sea una ramera y El corazón lacerado, entre otras. (1895 1973) Director cinematográfico estadounidense. Dirigió varias películas… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Ford,John — I. Ford1, John. 1586 1639. English playwright whose works include Tis Pity She s a Whore (1633) and collaborative efforts, notably with Thomas Dekker and John Webster.   II. Ford2, John. Originally Sean Aloysius O Feeney. 1895 1973. American… …   Universalium

  • Ford, John —    см. Форд, Джон …   Режиссерская энциклопедия. Кино США

  • FORD, JOHN —    dramatist, born at Islington, North Devon; studied at Oxford, and entered the Middle Temple in 1602, but was never called to the bar; in 1606 appeared his first poetic work Fame s Memorial, an elegy on the death of the Earl of Devonshire, and… …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Ford, John — pseud. di O Feeney, Sean Aloysius …   Sinonimi e Contrari. Terza edizione

  • Ford, John — (c. 1586?)    Dramatist, b. probably at Ilsington, Devonshire, was admitted to the Middle Temple in 1602, and appears to have practised as a lawyer. His chief plays are The Lover s Melancholy (1629), Tis Pity, The Broken Heart, and Love s… …   Short biographical dictionary of English literature

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